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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mainly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common brands including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted with a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The bouquets are usually white or yellow (orange or green in garden types), with either standard or contrasting coloured corona and tepals.

Narcissus were popular in old civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally detailed by Linnaeus in his Types Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally thought to have about ten portions with about 50 species. The true volume of species has mixed, depending about how they are categorised, a consequence of to similarity between hybridization and kinds. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The precise origins of the true name Narcissus is unidentified, but it is linked to a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the young ones of that name who fell in love with his own representation. The English phrase 'daffodil' appears to be derived from "asphodel", with which it was commonly likened.

The kinds are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a centre of variety in the European Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced into the Far East before the tenth century. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while some are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became ever more popular in Europe following the 16th century and by the overdue 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred mainly on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as slice plants as ornamental vegetation in private and general population gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are labeled into divisions, covering a wide range of colours and shapes. Like other members of the family, narcissi create a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal used in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in literature and artwork, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in different cultures, ranging from loss of life to fortune, and as symbols of planting season. The daffodil is the countrywide blossom of Wales and the icon of tumors charities in many countries. The appearance of the outdoors flowers in spring is associated with festivals in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back after flowering to the underground storage light. They regrow in the next calendar year from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm with regards to the species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might expand as extra tall as 80 cm.

The plants are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow bloom stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, slim, strap-shaped leaves occur from the light bulb. The seed stem bears a solitary bloom, but occasionally a cluster of blooms (umbel). The blooms, that are conspicuous and white or yellowish usually, both or almost never green sometimes, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an outside ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical formed corona. The flowers may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You can find six pollen bearing stamens bordering a central style. The ovary is poor (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The fruits involves a dried capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seed products.

The bulb lays dormant after the leaves and rose stem die back and has contractile root base that pull it down further in to the soil. The blossom leaves and stem form in the light, to emerge the following season. Most kinds are dormant from summer months to past due winter, flowering in the spring and coil, though a few species are autumn flowering.

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