Description Narcissus TêteàTête closeup.jpg

Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial crops in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common labels including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by the cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blossoms are usually white or yellow (orange or green in garden types), with either even or contrasting coloured corona and tepals.

Narcissus were well known in ancient civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally referred to by Linnaeus in his Kinds Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally considered to have about ten portions with roughly 50 species. The true volume of varieties has assorted, depending on how they are grouped, due to similarity between varieties and hybridization. The genus arose some right time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The exact origin of the name Narcissus is unidentified, but it is associated with a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the youngsters of that name who fell deeply in love with his own reflection. The English term 'daffodil' appears to be derived from "asphodel", with which it was commonly compared.

The types are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a centre of variety in the Western Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced into the Far East to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while some are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became ever more popular in Europe following the 16th hundred years and by the overdue 19th century were an important commercial crop centred mostly on holland. Today narcissi are popular as slice bouquets so that ornamental plant life in private and general population gardens. The long history of breeding has led to thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorized into divisions, covering an array of shapes and colours. Like other members with their family, narcissi create a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested accidentally. This property has been exploited for medicinal used in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in art and literature, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in different cultures, ranging from death to good fortune, and as icons of spring and coil. The daffodil is the countrywide bloom of Wales and the symbol of cancer tumor charities in many countries. The appearance of the crazy flowers in planting season is associated with festivals in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering to a underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the following season from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm depending on the species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might expand as tall as 80 cm.

The crops are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow blossom stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, slim, strap-shaped leaves occur from the light. The vegetable stem bears a solitary rose, but sometimes a cluster of blooms (umbel). The plants, that are usually conspicuous and white or yellowish, both or almost never renewable sometimes, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an outside ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical formed corona. The flowers may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. A couple of six pollen bearing stamens adjoining a central style. The ovary is inferior (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The fruit involves a dry capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seed products.

The bulb is dormant after the leaves and blossom stem die back and has contractile roots that draw it down further into the soil. The rose leaves and stem form in the light bulb, to emerge the next season. Most kinds are dormant from summer to past due winter, flowering in the spring, though a few types are fall flowering.

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Narcissus / n ɑr ˈ s ɪ s ə s / is a genus of hardy, spring

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