File:Narcissus triandrus Closeup 2009March18 DehesaBoyalPuertollano

Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial vegetation in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common names including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by the cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The flowers are generally white or yellow (orange or red in garden varieties), with either uniform or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.

Narcissus were well known in traditional civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally defined by Linnaeus in his Varieties Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally considered to have about ten areas with approximately 50 species. The true quantity of varieties has mixed, depending how they are labeled, due to similarity between types and hybridization. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The precise source of the name Narcissus is unidentified, but it is often associated with a Greek expression for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the children of this name who fell deeply in love with his own reflection. The English expression 'daffodil' appears to be derived from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.

The varieties are native to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a centre of variety in the American Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced into the Far East prior to the tenth century. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while others are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became increasingly popular in Europe following the 16th century and by the past due 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred primarily on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as lower blooms so that as ornamental plant life in private and open public gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are grouped into divisions, covering a wide range of shapes and colours. Like other members of their family, narcissi produce a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal used in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in art work and books, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in different cultures, ranging from fatality to fortune, and as symbols of spring and coil. The daffodil is the nationwide bloom of Wales and the sign of cancers charities in many countries. The appearance of the wild flowers in springtime is associated with festivals in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering to the underground storage light. They regrow in the following time from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm depending on species. Dwarf species such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may increase as large as 80 cm.

The vegetation are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow flower stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, slim, strap-shaped leaves arise from the bulb. The place stem usually bears a solitary blossom, but once in a while a cluster of plants (umbel). The plants, which are conspicuous and white or yellow usually, sometimes both or seldom renewable, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an exterior ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical designed corona. The flowers may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. There are six pollen bearing stamens encircling a central style. The ovary is second-rate (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The fruits includes a dry out capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seed products.

The bulb is placed dormant following the leaves and flower stem die back and has contractile origins that take it down further in to the soil. The blossom leaves and stem form in the bulb, to emerge the following season. Most species are dormant from summer months to late winter, flowering in the springtime, though a few varieties are fall flowering.

Narcissus Pictures

NARCISSUS TRIANDRUS TRIANDRUS

Narcissus triandrus subsp. triandrus

Engelstränen Narzisse Narcissus triandrus Plant amp; Nature Photos

Narcissus triandrus 39;Thalia39; 39;Thalia39; orchid narcissus