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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common brands including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blooms are generally white or yellow (orange or pink in garden kinds), with either standard or contrasting colored tepals and corona.

Narcissus were well known in ancient civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally detailed by Linnaeus in his Varieties Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally considered to have about ten parts with about 50 species. The true amount of types has varied, depending about how they are classified, thanks to similarity between hybridization and types. The genus arose some right time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The exact source of the real name Narcissus is unfamiliar, but it is often linked to a Greek phrase for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the youngsters of that name who fell deeply in love with his own representation. The English expression 'daffodil' appears to be derived from "asphodel", with which it was compared commonly.

The types are local to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a middle of diversity in the Western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced in to the Far East prior to the tenth century. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while some are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became ever more popular in Europe following the 16th hundred years and by the overdue 19th century were an important commercial crop centred generally on holland. Narcissi are popular as chop flowers so when ornamental plant life in private and open public gardens today. The long history of breeding has resulted in thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are grouped into divisions, covering a variety of colours and shapes. Like other members of their family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested accidentally. This property has been exploited for medicinal use in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in skill and books, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in various cultures, ranging from loss of life to good fortune, and as symbols of spring and coil. The daffodil is the countrywide blossom of Wales and the mark of malignancy charities in many countries. The looks of the outdoors flowers in spring is associated with celebrations in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering for an underground storage light. They regrow in the next time from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm with regards to the species. Dwarf varieties such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may expand as tall as 80 cm.

The vegetation are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow rose stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, small, strap-shaped leaves come up from the light. The vegetable stem usually bears a solitary flower, but occasionally a cluster of flowers (umbel). The plants, which are conspicuous and white or yellowish usually, both or rarely renewable sometimes, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an exterior ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical shaped corona. The blossoms may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. A couple of six pollen bearing stamens surrounding a central style. The ovary is second-rate (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The berries consists of a dried up capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seeds.

The bulb is situated dormant following the leaves and flower stem die again and has contractile roots that yank it down further into the soil. The rose leaves and stem form in the bulb, to emerge the next season. Most varieties are dormant from summer time to overdue winter, flowering in the spring and coil, though a few varieties are fall flowering.

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