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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial vegetation in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common labels including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted with a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blooms are generally white or yellowish (orange or green in garden kinds), with either uniform or contrasting colored corona and tepals.

Narcissus were popular in traditional civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally identified by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally considered to have about ten sections with about 50 species. The true volume of species has varied, depending about how they are grouped, as a consequence to similarity between hybridization and species. The genus arose some right time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact origins of the name Narcissus is undiscovered, but it is linked to a Greek term for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the junior of that name who fell deeply in love with his own representation. The English expression 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.

The species are local to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a centre of variety in the Western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced in to the Far East prior to the tenth century. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while some are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became increasingly popular in Europe after the 16th century and by the past due 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred mainly on holland. Narcissi are popular as trim blossoms and since ornamental plants in private and public gardens today. The long history of breeding has resulted in thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are labeled into divisions, covering a wide range of colours and shapes. Like other members of the family, narcissi create a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and skill, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in several cultures, ranging from death to fortune, and as icons of spring. The daffodil is the countrywide bloom of Wales and the sign of tumors charities in many countries. The looks of the outdoors flowers in spring and coil is associated with celebrations in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering to the underground storage bulb. They regrow in the next calendar year from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm with respect to the species. Dwarf species such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may develop as extra tall as 80 cm.

The plants are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow rose stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, small, strap-shaped leaves arise from the bulb. The flower stem bears a solitary flower, but occasionally a cluster of blooms (umbel). The plants, that happen to be usually conspicuous and white or yellow, sometimes both or hardly ever inexperienced, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an external ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical designed corona. The blossoms may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. There are six pollen bearing stamens surrounding a central style. The ovary is inferior (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The fruit consists of a dried out capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seeds.

The bulb lays dormant following the leaves and blossom stem die back and has contractile origins that move it down further into the soil. The bloom stem and leaves form in the bulb, to emerge the following season. Most varieties are dormant from summertime to later winter, flowering in the spring and coil, though a few kinds are fall months flowering.

Narcissus Pictures