Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial crops in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common labels including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted with a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blooms are generally white or yellow (orange or green in garden varieties), with either standard or contrasting coloured corona and tepals.
Narcissus were well known in historical civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally described by Linnaeus in his Kinds Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten sections with roughly 50 species. The number of species has assorted, depending how they are categorised, thanks to similarity between hybridization and types. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The precise source of the true name Narcissus is mysterious, but it is associated with a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the youngsters of that name who fell in love with his own representation. The English term 'daffodil' is apparently produced from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.
The types are local to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a centre of variety in the American Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were released in to the Far East to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while others are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became ever more popular in Europe after the 16th century and by the later 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred mainly on the Netherlands. Today narcissi are popular as slice plants and since ornamental crops in private and general public gardens. The long history of breeding has resulted in a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are labeled into divisions, covering a variety of shapes and colours. Like other members with their family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal used in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and fine art, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in different cultures, ranging from fatality to fortune, and as symbols of spring and coil. The daffodil is the nationwide blossom of Wales and the icon of malignancy charities in many countries. The looks of the crazy flowers in springtime is associated with festivals in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back after flowering to an underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the next season from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm with regards to the species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might develop as high as 80 cm.
The plants are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow bloom stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, slim, strap-shaped leaves come up from the light bulb. The place stem usually bears a solitary flower, but sometimes a cluster of plants (umbel). The blooms, which can be usually conspicuous and white or yellowish, sometimes both or rarely inexperienced, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an outside ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical molded corona. The plants may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. You will find six pollen bearing stamens encompassing a central style. The ovary is inferior (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The fruits contains a dry capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seed products.
The bulb is situated dormant after the leaves and bloom stem die back again and has contractile origins that pull it down further into the soil. The rose leaves and stem form in the bulb, to emerge the next season. Most varieties are dormant from warmer summer months to past due winter, flowering in the planting season, though a few types are autumn flowering.
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