Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mainly spring perennial plant life in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common names including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted with a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blooms are usually white or yellow (orange or pink in garden kinds), with either uniform or contrasting colored tepals and corona.
Narcissus were well known in traditional civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally defined by Linnaeus in his Kinds Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally considered to have about ten parts with roughly 50 species. The true quantity of varieties has varied, depending how they are categorized, due to similarity between types and hybridization. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The precise source of the real name Narcissus is unknown, but it is often associated with a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the children of this name who fell deeply in love with his own reflection. The English phrase 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.
The types are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a center of variety in the American Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were unveiled into the Far East to the tenth century prior. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while some are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became increasingly popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the past due 19th century were an important commercial crop centred mostly on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as lower bouquets and as ornamental vegetation in private and open public gardens today. The long history of breeding has resulted in a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorized into divisions, covering an array of colours and shapes. Like other members of these family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested unintentionally. This property has been exploited for medicinal use in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in art work and books, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in various cultures, ranging from death to good fortune, and as icons of planting season. The daffodil is the countrywide rose of Wales and the image of cancers charities in many countries. The looks of the wild flowers in spring is associated with celebrations in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering to the underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the next yr from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm with respect to the species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might increase as large as 80 cm.
The vegetation are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow bloom stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, slim, strap-shaped leaves arise from the light bulb. The plant stem bears a solitary flower, but occasionally a cluster of flowers (umbel). The flowers, which can be conspicuous and white or yellow usually, sometimes both or hardly ever green, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an external ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical designed corona. The blossoms may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens surrounding a central style. The ovary is inferior (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The berries involves a dried up capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seeds.
The bulb sits dormant after the leaves and rose stem die back and has contractile roots that draw it down further in to the soil. The blossom stem and leaves form in the light, to emerge the next season. Most varieties are dormant from warmer summer months to overdue winter, flowering in the springtime, though a few kinds are fall months flowering.
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