Narcissus by Ethelbert Nevin Op.13, No. 4 Brass Quintet Store JV

Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mainly spring perennial plant life in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common brands including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted with a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blooms are generally white or yellowish (orange or red in garden kinds), with either uniform or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.

Narcissus were well known in traditional civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally defined by Linnaeus in his Varieties Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten portions with roughly 50 species. The true range of varieties has mixed, depending on how they are grouped, scheduled to similarity between varieties and hybridization. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The exact source of the real name Narcissus is mysterious, but it is often linked to a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the young ones of that name who fell in love with his own representation. The English term 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was commonly compared.

The types are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a center of variety in the American Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced in to the Far East before the tenth century. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while others are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became increasingly popular in Europe following the 16th century and by the overdue 19th century were an important commercial crop centred mostly on holland. Narcissi are popular as trim flowers so when ornamental crops in private and general population gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are labeled into divisions, covering a wide range of shapes and colours. Like other members with their family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested unintentionally. This property has been exploited for medicinal used in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and skill, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in several cultures, ranging from death to fortune, and as icons of spring. The daffodil is the national blossom of Wales and the symbol of cancer tumor charities in many countries. The appearance of the untamed flowers in planting season is associated with festivals in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering to an underground storage bulb. They regrow in the following calendar year from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm depending on the species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may grow as high as 80 cm.

The vegetation are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow bloom stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, thin, strap-shaped leaves occur from the light bulb. The place stem usually bears a solitary flower, but occasionally a cluster of blossoms (umbel). The blossoms, that are usually conspicuous and white or yellow, sometimes both or hardly ever green, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an exterior ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical formed corona. The plants may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. You will find six pollen bearing stamens adjoining a central style. The ovary is poor (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The berry consists of a dried capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seed products.

The bulb lays dormant after the leaves and bloom stem die again and has contractile root base that pull it down further in to the soil. The rose stem and leaves form in the light, to emerge the next season. Most kinds are dormant from summer season to past due winter, flowering in the spring, though a few kinds are fall flowering.

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