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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mainly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common titles including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by way of a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The flowers are usually white or yellowish (orange or red in garden kinds), with either uniform or contrasting coloured corona and tepals.

Narcissus were well known in historic civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally defined by Linnaeus in his Varieties Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten sections with about 50 species. The true amount of types has varied, depending on how they are classified, due to similarity between species and hybridization. The genus arose time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The exact source of the name Narcissus is unfamiliar, but it is linked to a Greek term for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the junior of that name who fell in love with his own representation. The English term 'daffodil' is apparently produced from "asphodel", with which it was commonly compared.

The kinds are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a middle of diversity in the American Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were launched in to the ASIA to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while others are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became increasingly popular in Europe after the 16th century and by the later 19th century were an important commercial crop centred mostly on holland. Narcissi are popular as chop flowers and since ornamental plants in private and general population gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorized into divisions, covering an array of shapes and colours. Like other members of these family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and art, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in several cultures, ranging from fatality to fortune, and as icons of spring and coil. The daffodil is the national rose of Wales and the symbol of tumor charities in many countries. The appearance of the crazy flowers in spring is associated with festivals in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering with an underground storage light. They regrow in the following calendar year from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm with respect to the species. Dwarf varieties such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might develop as extra tall as 80 cm.

The vegetation are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow rose stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, slim, strap-shaped leaves happen from the light. The place stem usually bears a solitary flower, but once in a while a cluster of blossoms (umbel). The bouquets, that happen to be conspicuous and white or yellow usually, sometimes both or almost never renewable, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an outside ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical molded corona. The blooms may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. A couple of six pollen bearing stamens encircling a central style. The ovary is substandard (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The berries contains a dry out capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seed products.

The bulb lays dormant following the leaves and rose stem die back and has contractile origins that yank it down further into the soil. The blossom leaves and stem form in the light, to emerge the following season. Most types are dormant from summer time to past due winter, flowering in the spring, though a few varieties are fall flowering.

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