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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial crops in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common labels including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted with a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blooms are generally white or yellowish (orange or pink in garden types), with either standard or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.

Narcissus were popular in historical civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally explained by Linnaeus in his Types Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally thought to have about ten sections with approximately 50 species. The amount of types has mixed, depending how they are labeled, due to similarity between kinds and hybridization. The genus arose some time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The precise source of the true name Narcissus is unfamiliar, but it is linked to a Greek expression for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the youth of this name who fell deeply in love with his own representation. The English phrase 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.

The species are native to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a middle of variety in the European Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced in to the Far East before the tenth century. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while some are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became increasingly popular in Europe after the 16th century and by the past due 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred generally on holland. Today narcissi are popular as chop blossoms and as ornamental plant life in private and open public gardens. The long history of breeding has resulted in thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorized into divisions, covering a wide range of shapes and colours. Like other members of the family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in fine art and literature, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in various cultures, ranging from fatality to fortune, and as icons of springtime. The daffodil is the countrywide blossom of Wales and the icon of cancer charities in many countries. The appearance of the untamed flowers in spring and coil is associated with festivals in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering to the underground storage bulb. They regrow in the following year from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm with respect to the species. Dwarf varieties such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might develop as high as 80 cm.

The vegetation are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow bloom stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, narrow, strap-shaped leaves come up from the light. The herb stem usually bears a solitary bloom, but sometimes a cluster of bouquets (umbel). The plants, which are conspicuous and white or yellow usually, both or hardly ever green sometimes, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an outer ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical shaped corona. The flowers may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. There are six pollen bearing stamens encircling a central style. The ovary is inferior (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The fruits involves a dry capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seeds.

The bulb lays dormant following the leaves and rose stem die again and has contractile roots that take it down further in to the soil. The bloom leaves and stem form in the light bulb, to emerge the following season. Most kinds are dormant from summer season to later winter, flowering in the springtime, though a few kinds are autumn flowering.

Narcissus Pictures

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The mosaic depiction of Narcissus was found during excavations of a

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