Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial crops in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common titles including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by way of a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The bouquets are usually white or yellow (orange or red in garden types), with either even or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.
Narcissus were popular in traditional civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally described by Linnaeus in his Kinds Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten areas with approximately 50 species. The number of types has varied, depending on how they are grouped, as a consequence to similarity between hybridization and varieties. The genus arose some time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The precise origins of the name Narcissus is mysterious, but it is associated with a Greek phrase for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the youngsters of that name who fell deeply in love with his own reflection. The English word 'daffodil' is apparently produced from "asphodel", with which it was commonly likened.
The kinds are local to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a centre of diversity in the Western Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced in to the Far East to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while others are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became increasingly popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the past due 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred generally on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as trim bouquets so when ornamental vegetation in private and public gardens today. The long history of breeding has resulted in thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorized into divisions, covering a variety of colours and shapes. Like other members of their family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested accidentally. This property has been exploited for medicinal use within traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in fine art and books, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in different cultures, ranging from loss of life to fortune, and as symbols of spring and coil. The daffodil is the national flower of Wales and the icon of cancer charities in many countries. The appearance of the crazy flowers in planting season is associated with festivals in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering with an underground storage bulb. They regrow in the next time from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm with regards to the species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might increase as tall as 80 cm.
The vegetation are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow bloom stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, narrow, strap-shaped leaves arise from the bulb. The herb stem usually bears a solitary flower, but sometimes a cluster of plants (umbel). The blooms, that are conspicuous and white or yellowish usually, both or almost never inexperienced sometimes, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an external ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical designed corona. The bouquets may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens surrounding a central style. The ovary is substandard (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The fruit contains a dried up capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seeds.
The bulb is situated dormant after the leaves and rose stem die back again and has contractile origins that yank it down further in to the soil. The blossom stem and leaves form in the bulb, to emerge the following season. Most kinds are dormant from summertime to late winter, flowering in the spring, though a few kinds are fall months flowering.
Tidak ada komentar:
Posting Komentar