Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial vegetation in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common brands including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by way of a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blossoms are generally white or yellow (orange or red in garden varieties), with either even or contrasting colored corona and tepals.
Narcissus were well known in traditional civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally explained by Linnaeus in his Kinds Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten parts with about 50 species. The true variety of species has mixed, depending how they are grouped, thanks to similarity between hybridization and kinds. The genus arose time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The precise origins of the true name Narcissus is anonymous, but it is associated with a Greek expression for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the children of this name who fell in love with his own representation. The English word 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was commonly compared.
The kinds are local to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a middle of variety in the Traditional western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were unveiled into the ASIA to the tenth century prior. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while others are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became ever more popular in Europe after the 16th century and by the late 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred mostly on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as cut blossoms and since ornamental plants in private and public gardens today. The long history of breeding has resulted in a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are labeled into divisions, covering an array of shapes and colours. Like other members of these family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested accidentally. This property has been exploited for medicinal use within traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in literature and art work, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in several cultures, ranging from fatality to good fortune, and as symbols of spring. The daffodil is the countrywide rose of Wales and the mark of cancer tumor charities in many countries. The looks of the outrageous flowers in spring and coil is associated with celebrations in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering to a underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the next calendar year from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm with regards to the species. Dwarf varieties such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might grow as extra tall as 80 cm.
The plant life are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow flower stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, slim, strap-shaped leaves happen from the light bulb. The place stem bears a solitary bloom, but occasionally a cluster of bouquets (umbel). The flowers, which can be usually conspicuous and white or yellow, both or rarely green sometimes, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an outer ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical shaped corona. The bouquets may hang down (pendent), or be erect. There are six pollen bearing stamens surrounding a central style. The ovary is poor (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The super fruit includes a dried up capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seeds.
The bulb is situated dormant after the leaves and blossom stem die back and has contractile roots that draw it down further into the soil. The rose leaves and stem form in the bulb, to emerge the following season. Most types are dormant from warmer summer months to past due winter, flowering in the planting season, though a few kinds are autumn flowering.
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