Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial vegetation in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common brands including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by way of a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blooms are usually white or yellow (orange or pink in garden varieties), with either even or contrasting colored corona and tepals.
Narcissus were well known in early civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally described by Linnaeus in his Kinds Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally considered to have about ten sections with about 50 species. The amount of types has mixed, depending on how they are labeled, anticipated to similarity between species and hybridization. The genus arose some time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The exact source of the real name Narcissus is undiscovered, but it is linked to a Greek expression for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the junior of that name who fell in love with his own representation. The English word 'daffodil' is apparently produced from "asphodel", with which it was commonly compared.
The species are native to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a center of variety in the American Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were unveiled in to the Far East to the tenth century prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while others are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became increasingly popular in Europe after the 16th century and by the overdue 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred mostly on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as slash bouquets and as ornamental plants in private and open public gardens today. The long history of breeding has resulted in a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are labeled into divisions, covering a variety of shapes and colours. Like other members with their family, narcissi create a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use within traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in artwork and literature, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in several cultures, ranging from death to good fortune, and as symbols of springtime. The daffodil is the nationwide blossom of Wales and the image of tumors charities in many countries. The looks of the outdoors flowers in spring and coil is associated with festivals in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering with an underground storage bulb. They regrow in the following calendar year from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm depending on the species. Dwarf kinds such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might develop as tall as 80 cm.
The crops are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow blossom stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, slim, strap-shaped leaves come up from the bulb. The flower stem usually bears a solitary bloom, but sometimes a cluster of flowers (umbel). The flowers, which are usually conspicuous and white or yellowish, both or almost never renewable sometimes, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an external ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical molded corona. The flowers may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens adjoining a central style. The ovary is inferior (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The berries contains a dried capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seeds.
The bulb lays dormant following the leaves and flower stem die back and has contractile root base that pull it down further in to the soil. The bloom stem and leaves form in the bulb, to emerge the following season. Most kinds are dormant from summer season to later winter, flowering in the spring, though a few species are fall months flowering.
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