Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial crops in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common titles including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted with a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The flowers are generally white or yellow (orange or green in garden kinds), with either standard or contrasting coloured corona and tepals.
Narcissus were popular in old civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally detailed by Linnaeus in his Kinds Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally considered to have about ten portions with approximately 50 species. The true range of types has assorted, depending about how they are categorised, due to similarity between kinds and hybridization. The genus arose time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The precise origin of the true name Narcissus is unfamiliar, but it is associated with a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the young ones of that name who fell deeply in love with his own reflection. The English expression 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.
The types are native to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a middle of variety in the American Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced into the Far East prior to the tenth century. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while others are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became increasingly popular in Europe after the 16th century and by the overdue 19th century were an important commercial crop centred mainly on the Netherlands. Today narcissi are popular as slash flowers so that ornamental plant life in private and public gardens. The long history of breeding has led to a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are classified into divisions, covering a wide range of colours and shapes. Like other members of the family, narcissi create a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal utilization in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in fine art and books, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in various cultures, ranging from loss of life to good fortune, and as symbols of spring. The daffodil is the countrywide bloom of Wales and the symbol of tumor charities in many countries. The appearance of the wild flowers in planting season is associated with celebrations in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering for an underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the following yr from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm depending on species. Dwarf species such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may increase as large as 80 cm.
The crops are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow flower stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, thin, strap-shaped leaves arise from the light. The herb stem usually bears a solitary blossom, but occasionally a cluster of plants (umbel). The plants, that happen to be usually conspicuous and white or yellowish, both or seldom inexperienced sometimes, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an outer ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical designed corona. The bouquets may hang down (pendent), or be erect. You can find six pollen bearing stamens encompassing a central style. The ovary is poor (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The berry involves a dry out capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seeds.
The bulb lays dormant following the leaves and rose stem die again and has contractile roots that move it down further in to the soil. The bloom leaves and stem form in the bulb, to emerge the next season. Most varieties are dormant from warmer summer months to overdue winter, flowering in the springtime, though a few kinds are autumn flowering.
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