Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common titles including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by the cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The bouquets are usually white or yellow (orange or pink in garden kinds), with either standard or contrasting coloured corona and tepals.
Narcissus were well known in traditional civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally referred to by Linnaeus in his Kinds Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally thought to have about ten portions with roughly 50 species. The amount of species has assorted, depending about how they are categorised, as a consequence to similarity between hybridization and species. The genus arose some right time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact source of the real name Narcissus is unfamiliar, but it is often associated with a Greek term for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the children of that name who fell in love with his own representation. The English term 'daffodil' is apparently derived from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.
The types are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a center of variety in the Traditional western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were created into the ASIA to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while some are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became increasingly popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the overdue 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred mainly on the Netherlands. Today narcissi are popular as trim blossoms so that as ornamental plants in private and general population gardens. The long history of breeding has led to thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are grouped into divisions, covering an array of colours and shapes. Like other members of the family, narcissi create a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested unintentionally. This property has been exploited for medicinal used in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in skill and books, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in different cultures, ranging from fatality to good fortune, and as symbols of spring. The daffodil is the nationwide flower of Wales and the image of malignancy charities in many countries. The appearance of the crazy flowers in planting season is associated with celebrations in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back after flowering for an underground storage bulb. They regrow in the following calendar year from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm with regards to the species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might develop as tall as 80 cm.
The plant life are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow rose stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, small, strap-shaped leaves arise from the light bulb. The seed stem bears a solitary blossom, but occasionally a cluster of plants (umbel). The blossoms, that are conspicuous and white or yellow usually, sometimes both or rarely green, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an outer ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical designed corona. The plants may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. You can find six pollen bearing stamens encompassing a central style. The ovary is poor (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The berries consists of a dry out capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seeds.
The bulb is placed dormant after the leaves and rose stem die again and has contractile roots that move it down further in to the soil. The rose stem and leaves form in the bulb, to emerge the next season. Most kinds are dormant from warmer summer months to late winter, flowering in the springtime, though a few species are autumn flowering.
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