Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mainly spring perennial plant life in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common brands including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by way of a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blooms are usually white or yellow (orange or green in garden kinds), with either uniform or contrasting colored corona and tepals.
Narcissus were well known in historical civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally identified by Linnaeus in his Varieties Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally considered to have about ten areas with roughly 50 species. The true variety of types has mixed, depending about how they are grouped, anticipated to similarity between species and hybridization. The genus arose time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact source of the name Narcissus is mysterious, but it is often associated with a Greek phrase for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the youngsters of this name who fell deeply in love with his own representation. The English expression 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was commonly likened.
The species are native to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a middle of variety in the American Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were launched in to the ASIA to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while others are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became ever more popular in Europe following the 16th century and by the later 19th century were an important commercial crop centred primarily on holland. Today narcissi are popular as slice blossoms and since ornamental vegetation in private and general population gardens. The long history of breeding has resulted in thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorized into divisions, covering a wide range of shapes and colours. Like other members of these family, narcissi create a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and art work, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in various cultures, ranging from loss of life to fortune, and as symbols of planting season. The daffodil is the countrywide flower of Wales and the symbol of cancer charities in many countries. The looks of the outdoors flowers in springtime is associated with festivals in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back after flowering to the underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the next season from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm with respect to the species. Dwarf kinds such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might increase as extra tall as 80 cm.
The crops are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow bloom stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, slim, strap-shaped leaves come up from the light. The place stem bears a solitary bloom, but occasionally a cluster of blooms (umbel). The flowers, which can be usually conspicuous and white or yellow, sometimes both or rarely green, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an outside ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical molded corona. The blooms may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. There are six pollen bearing stamens encompassing a central style. The ovary is poor (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The super fruit consists of a dried out capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seeds.
The bulb sits dormant after the leaves and bloom stem die again and has contractile roots that draw it down further in to the soil. The bloom leaves and stem form in the light, to emerge the following season. Most species are dormant from warmer summer months to late winter, flowering in the spring, though a few species are fall months flowering.
Tidak ada komentar:
Posting Komentar