Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common labels including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by way of a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blooms are usually white or yellow (orange or pink in garden types), with either standard or contrasting coloured corona and tepals.
Narcissus were well known in ancient civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally referred to by Linnaeus in his Kinds Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally thought to have about ten portions with roughly 50 species. The amount of varieties has varied, depending about how they are classified, a consequence of to similarity between hybridization and types. The genus arose some right time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The precise source of the true name Narcissus is unidentified, but it is often associated with a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the children of this name who fell deeply in love with his own reflection. The English word 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.
The varieties are native to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a center of variety in the Traditional western Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were created into the Far East to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while others are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became increasingly popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the past due 19th century were an important commercial crop centred primarily on holland. Narcissi are popular as slice bouquets so when ornamental crops in private and public gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are grouped into divisions, covering an array of colours and shapes. Like other members of the family, narcissi create a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use within traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in artwork and books, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in various cultures, ranging from death to fortune, and as icons of springtime. The daffodil is the countrywide bloom of Wales and the mark of tumors charities in many countries. The appearance of the untamed flowers in planting season is associated with festivals in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering with an underground storage light. They regrow in the following time from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm with regards to the species. Dwarf species such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might increase as extra tall as 80 cm.
The vegetation are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow flower stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, narrow, strap-shaped leaves arise from the light bulb. The herb stem usually bears a solitary blossom, but occasionally a cluster of flowers (umbel). The blooms, that are conspicuous and white or yellow usually, sometimes both or rarely inexperienced, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an exterior ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical molded corona. The flowers may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. You will find six pollen bearing stamens bordering a central style. The ovary is substandard (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The fruit contains a dried up capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seeds.
The bulb is dormant after the leaves and rose stem die back and has contractile origins that move it down further in to the soil. The bloom stem and leaves form in the light bulb, to emerge the next season. Most types are dormant from summer months to later winter, flowering in the spring, though a few kinds are fall months flowering.
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