Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common titles including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted with a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blooms are usually white or yellow (orange or pink in garden varieties), with either even or contrasting colored tepals and corona.
Narcissus were popular in traditional civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally explained by Linnaeus in his Kinds Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally thought to have about ten portions with roughly 50 species. The amount of varieties has mixed, depending how they are categorised, scheduled to similarity between kinds and hybridization. The genus arose time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The exact source of the name Narcissus is unidentified, but it is often associated with a Greek term for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the junior of this name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English term 'daffodil' is apparently produced from "asphodel", with which it was commonly likened.
The types are native to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a center of variety in the Western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were released in to the Far East to the tenth century prior. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while others are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became increasingly popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the overdue 19th century were an important commercial crop centred primarily on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as slash bouquets and as ornamental plants in private and open public gardens today. The long history of breeding has resulted in a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are classified into divisions, covering a wide range of shapes and colours. Like other members of their family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use within traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and fine art, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in different cultures, ranging from fatality to fortune, and as symbols of spring. The daffodil is the nationwide bloom of Wales and the icon of tumors charities in many countries. The looks of the untamed flowers in planting season is associated with festivals in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering to an underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the next calendar year from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm with regards to the species. Dwarf kinds such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may grow as tall as 80 cm.
The plants are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow rose stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, thin, strap-shaped leaves happen from the bulb. The plant stem bears a solitary bloom, but once in a while a cluster of blooms (umbel). The flowers, that happen to be conspicuous and white or yellow usually, both or almost never renewable sometimes, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an outside ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical formed corona. The flowers may hang down (pendent), or be erect. You can find six pollen bearing stamens bordering a central style. The ovary is second-rate (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The super fruit involves a dry out capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seed products.
The bulb lays dormant after the leaves and rose stem die again and has contractile roots that draw it down further into the soil. The blossom leaves and stem form in the bulb, to emerge the following season. Most kinds are dormant from summer months to past due winter, flowering in the spring, though a few types are autumn flowering.
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