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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial plant life in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common brands including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by way of a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The flowers are generally white or yellowish (orange or pink in garden types), with either standard or contrasting colored tepals and corona.

Narcissus were popular in traditional civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally referred to by Linnaeus in his Varieties Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally considered to have about ten parts with about 50 species. The amount of types has assorted, depending on how they are labeled, as a consequence to similarity between hybridization and varieties. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The precise origins of the true name Narcissus is mysterious, but it is associated with a Greek expression for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the young ones of this name who fell in love with his own representation. The English phrase 'daffodil' is apparently produced from "asphodel", with which it was compared commonly.

The species are local to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a centre of diversity in the European Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced in to the ASIA to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while others are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became increasingly popular in Europe following the 16th hundred years and by the overdue 19th century were an important commercial crop centred mostly on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as cut bouquets and since ornamental vegetation in private and general public gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorized into divisions, covering a variety of shapes and colours. Like other members of these family, narcissi produce a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and art work, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in several cultures, ranging from loss of life to fortune, and as symbols of springtime. The daffodil is the nationwide rose of Wales and the mark of cancer tumor charities in many countries. The appearance of the wild flowers in springtime is associated with celebrations in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering with an underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the next 12 months from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm with respect to the species. Dwarf species such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may expand as high as 80 cm.

The plant life are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow bloom stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, slim, strap-shaped leaves occur from the light. The plant stem usually bears a solitary blossom, but once in a while a cluster of bouquets (umbel). The blossoms, which can be conspicuous and white or yellowish usually, sometimes both or almost never green, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an external ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical molded corona. The blossoms may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. There are six pollen bearing stamens bordering a central style. The ovary is inferior (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The berry contains a dried capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seed products.

The bulb sits dormant after the leaves and bloom stem die again and has contractile origins that yank it down further in to the soil. The flower stem and leaves form in the bulb, to emerge the next season. Most species are dormant from summer time to later winter, flowering in the spring and coil, though a few varieties are fall flowering.

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