Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common labels including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The flowers are usually white or yellow (orange or red in garden kinds), with either uniform or contrasting coloured corona and tepals.
Narcissus were popular in ancient civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally explained by Linnaeus in his Kinds Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally considered to have about ten portions with roughly 50 species. The number of varieties has varied, depending about how they are categorized, a consequence of to similarity between hybridization and types. The genus arose some time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The exact source of the name Narcissus is mysterious, but it is often associated with a Greek expression for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the young ones of this name who fell deeply in love with his own reflection. The English word 'daffodil' is apparently produced from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.
The species are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a middle of diversity in the American Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were launched in to the Far East to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while some are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became ever more popular in Europe following the 16th century and by the past due 19th century were an important commercial crop centred mainly on the Netherlands. Today narcissi are popular as trim flowers so that ornamental plant life in private and general public gardens. The long history of breeding has resulted in a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are grouped into divisions, covering a variety of shapes and colours. Like other members of their family, narcissi create a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and artwork, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in several cultures, ranging from loss of life to fortune, and as icons of spring and coil. The daffodil is the countrywide rose of Wales and the icon of cancers charities in many countries. The appearance of the crazy flowers in spring is associated with celebrations in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering with an underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the next time from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm depending on species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might expand as tall as 80 cm.
The crops are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow rose stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, thin, strap-shaped leaves occur from the light. The place stem usually bears a solitary flower, but occasionally a cluster of flowers (umbel). The bouquets, that are usually conspicuous and white or yellow, both or almost never green sometimes, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an exterior ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical shaped corona. The flowers may hang down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens adjoining a central style. The ovary is second-rate (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The berry includes a dry out capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seeds.
The bulb is situated dormant following the leaves and flower stem die back again and has contractile origins that pull it down further in to the soil. The blossom stem and leaves form in the light, to emerge the following season. Most types are dormant from warmer summer months to overdue winter, flowering in the spring and coil, though a few varieties are autumn flowering.
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