Macrinus, Narcissus, Spartacus, Cincinnatus, and Maximus of Hispania

Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial plant life in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common titles including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted with a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blossoms are usually white or yellow (orange or pink in garden types), with either even or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.

Narcissus were well known in traditional civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally detailed by Linnaeus in his Kinds Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten portions with about 50 species. The true quantity of types has varied, depending how they are grouped, due to similarity between kinds and hybridization. The genus arose some right time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The exact source of the true name Narcissus is unknown, but it is associated with a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the children of that name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English phrase 'daffodil' appears to be derived from "asphodel", with which it was commonly likened.

The species are local to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a centre of diversity in the Western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced into the Far East before the tenth century. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while some are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became increasingly popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the overdue 19th century were an important commercial crop centred mostly on holland. Narcissi are popular as lower blooms so when ornamental plant life in private and general public gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorized into divisions, covering a wide range of shapes and colours. Like other members of their family, narcissi produce a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested inadvertently. This property has been exploited for medicinal use within traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and skill, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in several cultures, ranging from loss of life to good fortune, and as symbols of spring and coil. The daffodil is the national flower of Wales and the sign of malignancy charities in many countries. The looks of the outdoors flowers in planting season is associated with celebrations in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering to an underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the following time from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm with respect to the species. Dwarf kinds such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might grow as large as 80 cm.

The plant life are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow flower stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, narrow, strap-shaped leaves occur from the bulb. The seed stem usually bears a solitary rose, but once in a while a cluster of bouquets (umbel). The flowers, which are usually conspicuous and white or yellowish, sometimes both or almost never inexperienced, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an outside ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical designed corona. The blooms may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You can find six pollen bearing stamens adjoining a central style. The ovary is inferior (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The berry includes a dried up capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seed products.

The bulb lies dormant after the leaves and rose stem die back and has contractile root base that move it down further into the soil. The rose leaves and stem form in the light bulb, to emerge the next season. Most types are dormant from summer months to later winter, flowering in the springtime, though a few varieties are fall flowering.

Narcissus Pictures

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