Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial crops in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common titles including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted with a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blossoms are usually white or yellowish (orange or pink in garden varieties), with either standard or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.
Narcissus were well known in historical civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally referred to by Linnaeus in his Varieties Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten areas with approximately 50 species. The amount of species has mixed, depending how they are categorized, anticipated to similarity between types and hybridization. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The precise origins of the real name Narcissus is unidentified, but it is associated with a Greek phrase for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the young ones of that name who fell in love with his own representation. The English term 'daffodil' appears to be derived from "asphodel", with which it was compared commonly.
The kinds are native to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a centre of variety in the Traditional western Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were released into the ASIA to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while others are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became increasingly popular in Europe following the 16th hundred years and by the past due 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred primarily on holland. Narcissi are popular as cut blooms so that ornamental crops in private and general public gardens today. The long history of breeding has resulted in thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorized into divisions, covering an array of colours and shapes. Like other members of their family, narcissi produce a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use within traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in fine art and literature, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in various cultures, ranging from death to good fortune, and as symbols of planting season. The daffodil is the nationwide flower of Wales and the icon of tumor charities in many countries. The appearance of the untamed flowers in spring is associated with celebrations in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering to the underground storage bulb. They regrow in the following time from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm with respect to the species. Dwarf varieties such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might increase as high as 80 cm.
The crops are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow flower stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, small, strap-shaped leaves arise from the light bulb. The flower stem usually bears a solitary flower, but sometimes a cluster of bouquets (umbel). The blooms, that happen to be usually conspicuous and white or yellowish, sometimes both or rarely renewable, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an outside ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical molded corona. The blooms may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens surrounding a central style. The ovary is inferior (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The fruits consists of a dried out capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seed products.
The bulb is situated dormant after the leaves and rose stem die back and has contractile origins that draw it down further into the soil. The rose stem and leaves form in the light bulb, to emerge the following season. Most kinds are dormant from summertime to later winter, flowering in the spring, though a few varieties are fall months flowering.
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