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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial plant life in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common names including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by way of a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The flowers are generally white or yellow (orange or green in garden varieties), with either standard or contrasting colored corona and tepals.

Narcissus were well known in ancient civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally explained by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally considered to have about ten sections with approximately 50 species. The amount of varieties has assorted, depending how they are labeled, due to similarity between hybridization and varieties. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The precise origin of the true name Narcissus is undiscovered, but it is linked to a Greek expression for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the children of that name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English expression 'daffodil' is apparently derived from "asphodel", with which it was compared commonly.

The kinds are local to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a centre of diversity in the Traditional western Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced into the Far East prior to the tenth century. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while some are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became increasingly popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the overdue 19th century were an important commercial crop centred primarily on holland. Today narcissi are popular as cut blooms so that as ornamental plant life in private and general public gardens. The long history of breeding has resulted in thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are classified into divisions, covering a variety of shapes and colours. Like other members of their family, narcissi produce a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use within traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in literature and art, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in different cultures, ranging from fatality to good fortune, and as icons of spring and coil. The daffodil is the countrywide flower of Wales and the sign of cancer tumor charities in many countries. The appearance of the wild flowers in spring and coil is associated with celebrations in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back after flowering to an underground storage light. They regrow in the following season from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm depending on species. Dwarf kinds such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might expand as extra tall as 80 cm.

The vegetation are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow rose stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, thin, strap-shaped leaves occur from the light. The place stem usually bears a solitary blossom, but occasionally a cluster of flowers (umbel). The blooms, which can be conspicuous and white or yellow usually, sometimes both or hardly ever green, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an external ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical molded corona. The blooms may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens encircling a central style. The ovary is inferior (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The fruits consists of a dry capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seeds.

The bulb is placed dormant following the leaves and bloom stem die back again and has contractile root base that pull it down further in to the soil. The blossom stem and leaves form in the light, to emerge the next season. Most varieties are dormant from warmer summer months to overdue winter, flowering in the springtime, though a few species are fall months flowering.

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