Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common titles including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted with a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The flowers are generally white or yellow (orange or pink in garden types), with either uniform or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.
Narcissus were well known in historic civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally described by Linnaeus in his Kinds Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally considered to have about ten parts with roughly 50 species. The true amount of varieties has varied, depending how they are categorized, a consequence of to similarity between hybridization and kinds. The genus arose time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact origins of the real name Narcissus is mysterious, but it is linked to a Greek expression for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the youngsters of this name who fell deeply in love with his own reflection. The English term 'daffodil' appears to be derived from "asphodel", with which it was compared commonly.
The kinds are native to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a middle of variety in the Western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were presented in to the ASIA to the tenth century prior. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while some are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became ever more popular in Europe after the 16th century and by the later 19th century were an important commercial crop centred mainly on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as slash blooms so when ornamental vegetation in private and general population gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorised into divisions, covering a wide range of colours and shapes. Like other members with their family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested inadvertently. This property has been exploited for medicinal use within traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in art and books, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in various cultures, ranging from death to fortune, and as icons of spring. The daffodil is the countrywide blossom of Wales and the icon of tumor charities in many countries. The looks of the outdoors flowers in spring is associated with festivals in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back after flowering to a underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the following time from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm depending on species. Dwarf varieties such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might develop as extra tall as 80 cm.
The vegetation are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow rose stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, small, strap-shaped leaves come up from the bulb. The flower stem bears a solitary flower, but sometimes a cluster of blooms (umbel). The bouquets, which can be conspicuous and white or yellowish usually, both or almost never renewable sometimes, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an exterior ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical molded corona. The blossoms may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. You will find six pollen bearing stamens encompassing a central style. The ovary is inferior (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The super fruit includes a dry capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seeds.
The bulb is dormant after the leaves and flower stem die back and has contractile roots that yank it down further into the soil. The rose stem and leaves form in the light bulb, to emerge the next season. Most types are dormant from summertime to overdue winter, flowering in the springtime, though a few kinds are fall months flowering.
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