Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mainly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common names including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blossoms are usually white or yellow (orange or red in garden types), with either even or contrasting colored corona and tepals.
Narcissus were well known in historical civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally described by Linnaeus in his Varieties Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally considered to have about ten parts with about 50 species. The amount of types has mixed, depending about how they are categorised, due to similarity between hybridization and kinds. The genus arose a while in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The precise origins of the true name Narcissus is anonymous, but it is associated with a Greek expression for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the youth of this name who fell deeply in love with his own reflection. The English expression 'daffodil' appears to be derived from "asphodel", with which it was commonly likened.
The types are native to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a centre of diversity in the Traditional western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were unveiled into the ASIA to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while some are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became ever more popular in Europe following the 16th century and by the overdue 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred mainly on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as chop bouquets so that as ornamental crops in private and public gardens today. The long history of breeding has resulted in a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorised into divisions, covering a wide range of colours and shapes. Like other members of their family, narcissi create a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested unintentionally. This property has been exploited for medicinal use within traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in skill and literature, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in various cultures, ranging from fatality to good fortune, and as icons of planting season. The daffodil is the countrywide flower of Wales and the image of cancer charities in many countries. The looks of the outdoors flowers in planting season is associated with festivals in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back after flowering with an underground storage light. They regrow in the following time from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm with regards to the species. Dwarf species such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may expand as large as 80 cm.
The crops are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow bloom stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, slim, strap-shaped leaves occur from the light. The seed stem usually bears a solitary bloom, but sometimes a cluster of blooms (umbel). The bouquets, that happen to be conspicuous and white or yellowish usually, both or hardly ever inexperienced sometimes, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an outer ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical molded corona. The bouquets may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens encircling a central style. The ovary is poor (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The berry contains a dried up capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seeds.
The bulb lies dormant after the leaves and blossom stem die again and has contractile root base that take it down further in to the soil. The bloom stem and leaves form in the light bulb, to emerge the following season. Most types are dormant from summer season to later winter, flowering in the planting season, though a few varieties are autumn flowering.
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