Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial crops in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common titles including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by way of a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blooms are usually white or yellow (orange or red in garden types), with either standard or contrasting colored tepals and corona.
Narcissus were well known in ancient civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally identified by Linnaeus in his Kinds Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten areas with around 50 species. The true number of varieties has mixed, depending on how they are categorised, due to similarity between hybridization and varieties. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact origin of the name Narcissus is unidentified, but it is often linked to a Greek phrase for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the youngsters of this name who fell in love with his own representation. The English word 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was compared commonly.
The types are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a centre of diversity in the Traditional western Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced into the Far East to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while some are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became increasingly popular in Europe after the 16th century and by the later 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred primarily on holland. Narcissi are popular as chop blooms as ornamental plants in private and public gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorized into divisions, covering a variety of shapes and colours. Like other members of their family, narcissi produce a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use within traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in fine art and literature, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in various cultures, ranging from death to good fortune, and as symbols of spring and coil. The daffodil is the national flower of Wales and the sign of tumors charities in many countries. The looks of the untamed flowers in spring and coil is associated with celebrations in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back after flowering for an underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the following year from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm depending on the species. Dwarf varieties such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may develop as high as 80 cm.
The crops are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow flower stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, slim, strap-shaped leaves arise from the light. The plant stem usually bears a solitary flower, but occasionally a cluster of bouquets (umbel). The blooms, that happen to be usually conspicuous and white or yellowish, both or rarely inexperienced sometimes, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an outer ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical formed corona. The flowers may hang down (pendent), or be erect. You will find six pollen bearing stamens encircling a central style. The ovary is second-rate (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The berry consists of a dried capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seeds.
The bulb is situated dormant following the leaves and flower stem die back again and has contractile roots that pull it down further in to the soil. The rose leaves and stem form in the light bulb, to emerge the next season. Most species are dormant from summer to past due winter, flowering in the spring and coil, though a few kinds are fall flowering.
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