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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial plant life in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common labels including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by the cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The flowers are usually white or yellowish (orange or green in garden kinds), with either standard or contrasting coloured corona and tepals.

Narcissus were popular in historical civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally referred to by Linnaeus in his Types Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten sections with roughly 50 species. The true amount of kinds has varied, depending how they are categorized, scheduled to similarity between types and hybridization. The genus arose some right time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact origins of the name Narcissus is mysterious, but it is linked to a Greek phrase for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the children of this name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English word 'daffodil' is apparently produced from "asphodel", with which it was commonly compared.

The species are local to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a center of diversity in the European Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were presented in to the Far East to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while some are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became increasingly popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the past due 19th century were an important commercial crop centred primarily on holland. Today narcissi are popular as lower plants as ornamental plant life in private and public gardens. The long history of breeding has led to thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are labeled into divisions, covering a wide range of colours and shapes. Like other members of the family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal utilization in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and skill, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in several cultures, ranging from death to good fortune, and as symbols of spring. The daffodil is the countrywide bloom of Wales and the icon of tumor charities in many countries. The looks of the wild flowers in springtime is associated with celebrations in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back after flowering with an underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the next year from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm with respect to the species. Dwarf varieties such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might expand as extra tall as 80 cm.

The crops are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow bloom stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, small, strap-shaped leaves happen from the light. The flower stem bears a solitary blossom, but once in a while a cluster of blooms (umbel). The bouquets, which are conspicuous and white or yellowish usually, sometimes both or seldom renewable, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an outside ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical molded corona. The bouquets may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. A couple of six pollen bearing stamens bordering a central style. The ovary is second-rate (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The super fruit involves a dried out capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seed products.

The bulb is placed dormant after the leaves and rose stem die again and has contractile origins that pull it down further in to the soil. The flower leaves and stem form in the bulb, to emerge the following season. Most kinds are dormant from warmer summer months to later winter, flowering in the spring, though a few types are fall months flowering.

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