Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common labels including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blooms are generally white or yellow (orange or pink in garden kinds), with either standard or contrasting colored tepals and corona.
Narcissus were well known in early civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally explained by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally considered to have about ten portions with about 50 species. The true volume of species has assorted, depending how they are labeled, thanks to similarity between hybridization and species. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The exact origin of the real name Narcissus is unknown, but it is linked to a Greek term for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the youngsters of that name who fell in love with his own representation. The English expression 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was compared commonly.
The kinds are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a center of variety in the Traditional western Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were presented into the ASIA to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while some are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became increasingly popular in Europe following the 16th hundred years and by the later 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred generally on the Netherlands. Today narcissi are popular as slice blossoms and as ornamental crops in private and public gardens. The long history of breeding has led to thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are grouped into divisions, covering a wide range of shapes and colours. Like other members of their family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested inadvertently. This property has been exploited for medicinal utilization in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in literature and art work, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in various cultures, ranging from loss of life to good fortune, and as icons of spring and coil. The daffodil is the national bloom of Wales and the mark of cancer tumor charities in many countries. The appearance of the outdoors flowers in springtime is associated with celebrations in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back after flowering to a underground storage bulb. They regrow in the following 12 months from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm with respect to the species. Dwarf species such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may develop as high as 80 cm.
The plants are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow rose stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, slim, strap-shaped leaves come up from the light. The herb stem bears a solitary blossom, but once in a while a cluster of plants (umbel). The blossoms, that happen to be usually conspicuous and white or yellowish, both or hardly ever renewable sometimes, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an outside ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical designed corona. The bouquets may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens encompassing a central style. The ovary is inferior (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The fruit contains a dry out capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seed products.
The bulb is placed dormant after the leaves and blossom stem die again and has contractile root base that yank it down further into the soil. The blossom leaves and stem form in the light, to emerge the following season. Most types are dormant from summer to later winter, flowering in the spring, though a few types are fall flowering.
Tidak ada komentar:
Posting Komentar