Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial crops in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common labels including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted with a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blooms are usually white or yellowish (orange or green in garden varieties), with either uniform or contrasting coloured corona and tepals.
Narcissus were well known in ancient civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally identified by Linnaeus in his Varieties Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally thought to have about ten portions with roughly 50 species. The true number of species has varied, depending about how they are categorised, due to similarity between varieties and hybridization. The genus arose some right time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The precise origins of the true name Narcissus is unknown, but it is linked to a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the youth of that name who fell in love with his own representation. The English term 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was compared commonly.
The varieties are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a centre of variety in the Western Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were unveiled into the ASIA to the tenth century prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while others are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became ever more popular in Europe following the 16th hundred years and by the past due 19th century were an important commercial crop centred primarily on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as slice bouquets and as ornamental plants in private and public gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorised into divisions, covering a variety of colours and shapes. Like other members with their family, narcissi create a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested unintentionally. This property has been exploited for medicinal use in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in skill and books, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in several cultures, ranging from death to good fortune, and as icons of spring and coil. The daffodil is the countrywide bloom of Wales and the image of cancer tumor charities in many countries. The appearance of the crazy flowers in springtime is associated with celebrations in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering for an underground storage light. They regrow in the next yr from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm with regards to the species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may grow as high as 80 cm.
The plants are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow blossom stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, thin, strap-shaped leaves occur from the bulb. The flower stem usually bears a solitary flower, but sometimes a cluster of blooms (umbel). The bouquets, that happen to be conspicuous and white or yellowish usually, sometimes both or almost never inexperienced, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an outer ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical shaped corona. The flowers may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens encompassing a central style. The ovary is inferior (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The fruit involves a dried up capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seeds.
The bulb lays dormant following the leaves and rose stem die back again and has contractile roots that pull it down further in to the soil. The rose leaves and stem form in the light, to emerge the following season. Most kinds are dormant from summer season to past due winter, flowering in the spring and coil, though a few species are autumn flowering.
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