Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common labels including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by the cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blossoms are usually white or yellow (orange or green in garden kinds), with either uniform or contrasting coloured corona and tepals.
Narcissus were popular in traditional civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally referred to by Linnaeus in his Types Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally considered to have about ten portions with about 50 species. The true volume of varieties has varied, depending on how they are categorised, scheduled to similarity between kinds and hybridization. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The precise source of the name Narcissus is unidentified, but it is often linked to a Greek expression for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the children of this name who fell in love with his own representation. The English term 'daffodil' is apparently produced from "asphodel", with which it was commonly likened.
The varieties are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a center of diversity in the Traditional western Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced into the Far East before the tenth century. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while some are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became increasingly popular in Europe following the 16th century and by the late 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred mainly on the Netherlands. Today narcissi are popular as lower blossoms as ornamental vegetation in private and open public gardens. The long history of breeding has resulted in thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorised into divisions, covering a variety of colours and shapes. Like other members of the family, narcissi create a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested inadvertently. This property has been exploited for medicinal use within traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and art work, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in various cultures, ranging from loss of life to fortune, and as symbols of spring and coil. The daffodil is the nationwide flower of Wales and the icon of cancer tumor charities in many countries. The looks of the crazy flowers in spring is associated with festivals in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering to the underground storage bulb. They regrow in the next time from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm depending on species. Dwarf kinds such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may expand as tall as 80 cm.
The plant life are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow flower stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, small, strap-shaped leaves come up from the light bulb. The seed stem bears a solitary blossom, but once in a while a cluster of blossoms (umbel). The plants, that happen to be usually conspicuous and white or yellow, sometimes both or rarely inexperienced, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an outside ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical formed corona. The bouquets may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. A couple of six pollen bearing stamens encircling a central style. The ovary is second-rate (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The berries consists of a dried up capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seeds.
The bulb sits dormant following the leaves and blossom stem die back again and has contractile root base that pull it down further into the soil. The rose leaves and stem form in the light, to emerge the following season. Most species are dormant from warmer summer months to overdue winter, flowering in the planting season, though a few types are autumn flowering.
Tidak ada komentar:
Posting Komentar