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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial crops in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common names including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted with a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The bouquets are generally white or yellowish (orange or green in garden kinds), with either standard or contrasting colored corona and tepals.

Narcissus were well known in early civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally explained by Linnaeus in his Kinds Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally considered to have about ten parts with around 50 species. The number of types has mixed, depending how they are grouped, anticipated to similarity between varieties and hybridization. The genus arose time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact source of the real name Narcissus is unfamiliar, but it is associated with a Greek term for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the junior of that name who fell in love with his own representation. The English term 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was commonly likened.

The varieties are local to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a center of variety in the Traditional western Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were launched in to the Far East to the tenth century prior. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while some are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became ever more popular in Europe after the 16th century and by the later 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred mostly on holland. Narcissi are popular as cut blooms and as ornamental crops in private and open public gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorized into divisions, covering a wide range of shapes and colours. Like other members of these family, narcissi create a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal used in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and skill, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in several cultures, ranging from loss of life to fortune, and as symbols of spring. The daffodil is the countrywide blossom of Wales and the icon of cancer tumor charities in many countries. The appearance of the wild flowers in spring is associated with celebrations in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering to a underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the next time from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm with regards to the species. Dwarf kinds such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may develop as high as 80 cm.

The plant life are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow rose stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, small, strap-shaped leaves occur from the light. The herb stem usually bears a solitary flower, but occasionally a cluster of plants (umbel). The plants, which are usually conspicuous and white or yellow, both or almost never renewable sometimes, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an external ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical designed corona. The blossoms may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You can find six pollen bearing stamens surrounding a central style. The ovary is second-rate (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The berry includes a dried up capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seed products.

The bulb is situated dormant following the leaves and bloom stem die back and has contractile roots that yank it down further into the soil. The blossom leaves and stem form in the light bulb, to emerge the following season. Most varieties are dormant from summer months to later winter, flowering in the springtime, though a few varieties are autumn flowering.

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