Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial vegetation in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common names including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by way of a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blossoms are generally white or yellowish (orange or pink in garden varieties), with either even or contrasting colored tepals and corona.
Narcissus were well known in early civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally explained by Linnaeus in his Types Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally considered to have about ten portions with approximately 50 species. The amount of types has mixed, depending about how they are classified, credited to similarity between types and hybridization. The genus arose time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact origin of the name Narcissus is unfamiliar, but it is associated with a Greek term for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the youth of that name who fell deeply in love with his own representation. The English phrase 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was commonly compared.
The species are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a middle of diversity in the Western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were launched into the Far East to the tenth century prior. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while some are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became increasingly popular in Europe following the 16th century and by the later 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred generally on holland. Narcissi are popular as slice bouquets so when ornamental plant life in private and public gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorised into divisions, covering an array of shapes and colours. Like other members of the family, narcissi create a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested inadvertently. This property has been exploited for medicinal used in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and fine art, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in different cultures, ranging from loss of life to fortune, and as symbols of planting season. The daffodil is the national blossom of Wales and the image of tumors charities in many countries. The appearance of the crazy flowers in spring and coil is associated with celebrations in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering to the underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the next calendar year from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm with regards to the species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may expand as extra tall as 80 cm.
The plants are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow flower stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, slim, strap-shaped leaves arise from the light. The seed stem bears a solitary blossom, but sometimes a cluster of bouquets (umbel). The blossoms, which are conspicuous and white or yellow usually, both or hardly ever renewable sometimes, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an external ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical shaped corona. The plants may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You will find six pollen bearing stamens bordering a central style. The ovary is poor (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The fruits involves a dried up capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seed products.
The bulb is situated dormant after the leaves and flower stem die back again and has contractile roots that take it down further in to the soil. The flower leaves and stem form in the light bulb, to emerge the next season. Most varieties are dormant from summer time to past due winter, flowering in the planting season, though a few kinds are fall flowering.
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