Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mainly spring perennial vegetation in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common brands including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by way of a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The plants are usually white or yellowish (orange or pink in garden types), with either uniform or contrasting colored tepals and corona.
Narcissus were popular in early civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally referred to by Linnaeus in his Types Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally thought to have about ten sections with approximately 50 species. The true number of kinds has varied, depending how they are grouped, credited to similarity between types and hybridization. The genus arose some right time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The precise origins of the real name Narcissus is unidentified, but it is often associated with a Greek term for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the young ones of that name who fell deeply in love with his own representation. The English word 'daffodil' is apparently produced from "asphodel", with which it was compared commonly.
The types are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a middle of variety in the American Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced in to the Far East before the tenth century. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while some are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became increasingly popular in Europe after the 16th century and by the late 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred primarily on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as chop plants as ornamental crops in private and public gardens today. The long history of breeding has resulted in a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are labeled into divisions, covering a wide range of shapes and colours. Like other members with their family, narcissi create a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested inadvertently. This property has been exploited for medicinal utilization in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in art and literature, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in several cultures, ranging from loss of life to fortune, and as icons of planting season. The daffodil is the nationwide blossom of Wales and the mark of cancer tumor charities in many countries. The looks of the outdoors flowers in springtime is associated with festivals in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering with an underground storage bulb. They regrow in the following calendar year from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm depending on the species. Dwarf varieties such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may expand as large as 80 cm.
The crops are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow flower stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, thin, strap-shaped leaves arise from the light. The plant stem usually bears a solitary flower, but once in a while a cluster of bouquets (umbel). The blossoms, which are usually conspicuous and white or yellowish, sometimes both or rarely green, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an outside ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical formed corona. The blossoms may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens adjoining a central style. The ovary is second-rate (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The super fruit contains a dry capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seeds.
The bulb is situated dormant following the leaves and rose stem die back again and has contractile roots that draw it down further in to the soil. The bloom stem and leaves form in the light, to emerge the following season. Most kinds are dormant from summer months to overdue winter, flowering in the planting season, though a few types are autumn flowering.
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