Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mainly spring perennial vegetation in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common brands including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted with a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The bouquets are generally white or yellow (orange or pink in garden varieties), with either standard or contrasting colored corona and tepals.
Narcissus were well known in traditional civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally described by Linnaeus in his Varieties Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally thought to have about ten areas with about 50 species. The number of varieties has varied, depending on how they are labeled, as a consequence to similarity between hybridization and species. The genus arose some time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The precise origins of the name Narcissus is unknown, but it is linked to a Greek term for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the junior of that name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English phrase 'daffodil' is apparently produced from "asphodel", with which it was compared commonly.
The types are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a middle of variety in the Traditional western Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced in to the Far East before the tenth century. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while others are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became ever more popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the later 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred mainly on holland. Today narcissi are popular as lower blooms so when ornamental vegetation in private and general population gardens. The long history of breeding has resulted in a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are grouped into divisions, covering an array of colours and shapes. Like other members of the family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in fine art and literature, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in different cultures, ranging from death to fortune, and as symbols of spring and coil. The daffodil is the countrywide bloom of Wales and the mark of tumors charities in many countries. The looks of the untamed flowers in spring is associated with festivals in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back after flowering for an underground storage light. They regrow in the following year from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm depending on the species. Dwarf varieties such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may increase as large as 80 cm.
The vegetation are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow blossom stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, slim, strap-shaped leaves arise from the bulb. The place stem bears a solitary flower, but occasionally a cluster of blossoms (umbel). The plants, which can be conspicuous and white or yellow usually, sometimes both or hardly ever green, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an exterior ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical designed corona. The bouquets may hang down (pendent), or be erect. You can find six pollen bearing stamens encompassing a central style. The ovary is second-rate (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The berries consists of a dry out capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seed products.
The bulb lays dormant following the leaves and flower stem die again and has contractile origins that take it down further into the soil. The rose stem and leaves form in the light bulb, to emerge the next season. Most kinds are dormant from summer time to later winter, flowering in the springtime, though a few species are autumn flowering.
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