Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial crops in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common brands including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by way of a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blossoms are generally white or yellow (orange or red in garden varieties), with either even or contrasting colored corona and tepals.
Narcissus were well known in historical civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally referred to by Linnaeus in his Kinds Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally thought to have about ten areas with about 50 species. The true volume of kinds has assorted, depending on how they are categorized, anticipated to similarity between varieties and hybridization. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The precise origin of the name Narcissus is unidentified, but it is linked to a Greek word for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the junior of that name who fell in love with his own representation. The English term 'daffodil' is apparently derived from "asphodel", with which it was commonly likened.
The species are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a center of variety in the Traditional western Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were presented into the ASIA to the tenth century prior. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while some are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became ever more popular in Europe following the 16th century and by the late 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred generally on the Netherlands. Today narcissi are popular as slash bouquets so when ornamental plant life in private and open public gardens. The long history of breeding has resulted in a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are grouped into divisions, covering a variety of colours and shapes. Like other members of these family, narcissi create a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested unintentionally. This property has been exploited for medicinal utilization in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in literature and skill, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in several cultures, ranging from fatality to good fortune, and as symbols of planting season. The daffodil is the nationwide rose of Wales and the mark of cancer charities in many countries. The looks of the outrageous flowers in springtime is associated with festivals in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering with an underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the next 12 months from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm with respect to the species. Dwarf kinds such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may grow as extra tall as 80 cm.
The plant life are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow flower stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, thin, strap-shaped leaves arise from the bulb. The seed stem bears a solitary blossom, but once in a while a cluster of blossoms (umbel). The plants, which can be conspicuous and white or yellow usually, sometimes both or hardly ever renewable, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an outer ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical shaped corona. The bouquets may hang down (pendent), or be erect. A couple of six pollen bearing stamens bordering a central style. The ovary is inferior (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The fruits contains a dried out capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seeds.
The bulb is placed dormant following the leaves and rose stem die again and has contractile roots that move it down further into the soil. The rose leaves and stem form in the light, to emerge the following season. Most species are dormant from summer season to later winter, flowering in the spring and coil, though a few species are autumn flowering.
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