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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common titles including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted with a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The bouquets are generally white or yellowish (orange or pink in garden varieties), with either standard or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.

Narcissus were popular in old civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally defined by Linnaeus in his Varieties Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten parts with around 50 species. The amount of types has varied, depending about how they are categorized, as a consequence to similarity between hybridization and types. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact origin of the real name Narcissus is unidentified, but it is associated with a Greek term for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the young ones of that name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English phrase 'daffodil' is apparently derived from "asphodel", with which it was commonly likened.

The varieties are local to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a center of variety in the Western Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced in to the Far East prior to the tenth century. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while others are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became ever more popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the overdue 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred mainly on holland. Narcissi are popular as chop blossoms so when ornamental plant life in private and general public gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are classified into divisions, covering a wide range of colours and shapes. Like other members of these family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal utilization in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in fine art and literature, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in different cultures, ranging from loss of life to good fortune, and as icons of spring and coil. The daffodil is the national blossom of Wales and the image of cancer charities in many countries. The appearance of the crazy flowers in planting season is associated with festivals in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering to an underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the next yr from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm depending on the species. Dwarf species such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might grow as tall as 80 cm.

The crops are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow blossom stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, slim, strap-shaped leaves happen from the light. The plant stem bears a solitary blossom, but once in a while a cluster of blooms (umbel). The plants, which can be conspicuous and white or yellow usually, sometimes both or seldom renewable, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an exterior ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical shaped corona. The plants may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You will find six pollen bearing stamens bordering a central style. The ovary is substandard (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The fruit contains a dried out capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seed products.

The bulb sits dormant after the leaves and bloom stem die back again and has contractile root base that draw it down further into the soil. The flower stem and leaves form in the light bulb, to emerge the following season. Most kinds are dormant from warmer summer months to past due winter, flowering in the spring, though a few varieties are fall months flowering.

Narcissus Pictures

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