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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mainly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common brands including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by way of a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blossoms are generally white or yellowish (orange or pink in garden kinds), with either even or contrasting colored tepals and corona.

Narcissus were well known in historical civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally referred to by Linnaeus in his Varieties Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally thought to have about ten parts with approximately 50 species. The true number of species has varied, depending on how they are grouped, a consequence of to similarity between hybridization and species. The genus arose some time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact origins of the name Narcissus is anonymous, but it is linked to a Greek term for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the young ones of this name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English phrase 'daffodil' is apparently produced from "asphodel", with which it was commonly likened.

The species are native to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a middle of diversity in the European Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were unveiled in to the Far East to the tenth century prior. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while some are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became ever more popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the overdue 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred generally on holland. Narcissi are popular as trim plants so when ornamental vegetation in private and general population gardens today. The long history of breeding has resulted in thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are grouped into divisions, covering a wide range of colours and shapes. Like other members of their family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal used in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in art and literature, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in different cultures, ranging from fatality to good fortune, and as symbols of planting season. The daffodil is the nationwide blossom of Wales and the mark of malignancy charities in many countries. The appearance of the outrageous flowers in planting season is associated with celebrations in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering to the underground storage bulb. They regrow in the next season from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm depending on species. Dwarf varieties such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may develop as high as 80 cm.

The crops are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow rose stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, slim, strap-shaped leaves come up from the bulb. The seed stem bears a solitary bloom, but sometimes a cluster of flowers (umbel). The blooms, which are conspicuous and white or yellow usually, both or rarely renewable sometimes, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an external ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical formed corona. The flowers may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens encompassing a central style. The ovary is poor (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The berry contains a dry capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seeds.

The bulb is dormant following the leaves and blossom stem die again and has contractile origins that draw it down further into the soil. The bloom stem and leaves form in the bulb, to emerge the next season. Most kinds are dormant from summer months to past due winter, flowering in the springtime, though a few species are fall flowering.

Narcissus Pictures

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