Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial plant life in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common labels including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by the cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The flowers are generally white or yellow (orange or green in garden kinds), with either even or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.
Narcissus were well known in traditional civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally referred to by Linnaeus in his Types Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally considered to have about ten sections with approximately 50 species. The amount of kinds has mixed, depending about how they are categorized, credited to similarity between kinds and hybridization. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The precise source of the true name Narcissus is anonymous, but it is often linked to a Greek phrase for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the youngsters of that name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English word 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was commonly likened.
The types are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a middle of variety in the Western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were created into the ASIA to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while others are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became increasingly popular in Europe following the 16th century and by the late 19th century were an important commercial crop centred generally on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as slash plants so that ornamental plant life in private and general population gardens today. The long history of breeding has resulted in thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are labeled into divisions, covering a wide range of colours and shapes. Like other members of these family, narcissi produce a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal used in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in literature and skill, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in various cultures, ranging from loss of life to fortune, and as symbols of spring and coil. The daffodil is the national bloom of Wales and the symbol of tumors charities in many countries. The looks of the crazy flowers in planting season is associated with celebrations in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering to a underground storage bulb. They regrow in the following calendar year from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm depending on the species. Dwarf kinds such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might increase as extra tall as 80 cm.
The plant life are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow bloom stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, small, strap-shaped leaves happen from the light bulb. The herb stem bears a solitary blossom, but sometimes a cluster of plants (umbel). The flowers, that are conspicuous and white or yellowish usually, both or hardly ever green sometimes, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an outside ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical designed corona. The blooms may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You can find six pollen bearing stamens encompassing a central style. The ovary is poor (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The super fruit contains a dried out capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seed products.
The bulb is situated dormant after the leaves and blossom stem die back again and has contractile origins that take it down further into the soil. The blossom leaves and stem form in the bulb, to emerge the following season. Most varieties are dormant from summertime to later winter, flowering in the spring, though a few species are autumn flowering.
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