Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mainly spring perennial vegetation in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common titles including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by way of a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The bouquets are generally white or yellow (orange or pink in garden kinds), with either standard or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.
Narcissus were popular in historical civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally identified by Linnaeus in his Varieties Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally considered to have about ten sections with roughly 50 species. The true range of species has mixed, depending on how they are classified, scheduled to similarity between kinds and hybridization. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The precise source of the real name Narcissus is anonymous, but it is associated with a Greek expression for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the youth of that name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English expression 'daffodil' appears to be derived from "asphodel", with which it was compared commonly.
The species are local to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a centre of diversity in the Western Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced into the Far East prior to the tenth century. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while some are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became increasingly popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the past due 19th century were an important commercial crop centred mainly on holland. Narcissi are popular as slash blooms so when ornamental crops in private and general population gardens today. The long history of breeding has resulted in thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorised into divisions, covering a wide range of shapes and colours. Like other members of the family, narcissi create a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in literature and fine art, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in different cultures, ranging from death to fortune, and as icons of springtime. The daffodil is the nationwide bloom of Wales and the sign of cancer tumor charities in many countries. The looks of the outrageous flowers in spring and coil is associated with festivals in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back after flowering to a underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the following year from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm depending on the species. Dwarf kinds such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may grow as tall as 80 cm.
The crops are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow rose stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, narrow, strap-shaped leaves happen from the light. The flower stem usually bears a solitary rose, but occasionally a cluster of bouquets (umbel). The plants, which are conspicuous and white or yellow usually, sometimes both or rarely inexperienced, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an outer ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical formed corona. The blossoms may hang down (pendent), or be erect. You will find six pollen bearing stamens bordering a central style. The ovary is second-rate (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The berries involves a dry out capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seed products.
The bulb is dormant after the leaves and flower stem die back and has contractile origins that move it down further into the soil. The flower leaves and stem form in the bulb, to emerge the next season. Most species are dormant from summer season to overdue winter, flowering in the spring and coil, though a few varieties are autumn flowering.
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