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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial vegetation in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common brands including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by way of a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blossoms are usually white or yellowish (orange or pink in garden varieties), with either uniform or contrasting coloured corona and tepals.

Narcissus were popular in ancient civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally identified by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally considered to have about ten sections with about 50 species. The number of varieties has assorted, depending how they are categorised, a consequence of to similarity between hybridization and types. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The precise origin of the real name Narcissus is unfamiliar, but it is often associated with a Greek phrase for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the young ones of this name who fell in love with his own representation. The English expression 'daffodil' appears to be derived from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.

The types are native to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a middle of variety in the American Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were launched in to the ASIA to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while some are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became ever more popular in Europe after the 16th century and by the late 19th century were an important commercial crop centred mainly on the Netherlands. Today narcissi are popular as chop plants and since ornamental crops in private and general public gardens. The long history of breeding has resulted in a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorised into divisions, covering a variety of colours and shapes. Like other members of these family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal used in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in literature and art, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in different cultures, ranging from loss of life to fortune, and as symbols of spring and coil. The daffodil is the national bloom of Wales and the image of tumors charities in many countries. The appearance of the outdoors flowers in spring and coil is associated with festivals in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back after flowering to a underground storage bulb. They regrow in the next season from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm with regards to the species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may develop as tall as 80 cm.

The plant life are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow flower stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, small, strap-shaped leaves arise from the bulb. The vegetable stem usually bears a solitary blossom, but sometimes a cluster of blooms (umbel). The blossoms, which are usually conspicuous and white or yellowish, both or rarely inexperienced sometimes, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an exterior ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical formed corona. The blooms may hang down (pendent), or be erect. You will find six pollen bearing stamens encompassing a central style. The ovary is second-rate (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The fruit involves a dried capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seeds.

The bulb lays dormant following the leaves and blossom stem die back again and has contractile root base that take it down further in to the soil. The bloom leaves and stem form in the bulb, to emerge the next season. Most species are dormant from summertime to overdue winter, flowering in the spring, though a few species are autumn flowering.

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