Narcissus pseudonarcissus, Mark Brown

Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial crops in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common labels including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by way of a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The plants are usually white or yellowish (orange or green in garden types), with either standard or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.

Narcissus were popular in historical civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally defined by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally thought to have about ten areas with about 50 species. The amount of varieties has varied, depending about how they are grouped, a consequence of to similarity between hybridization and varieties. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The exact origins of the name Narcissus is undiscovered, but it is often linked to a Greek term for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the young ones of that name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English term 'daffodil' is apparently produced from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.

The species are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a middle of diversity in the Traditional western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were launched into the ASIA to the tenth century prior. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while some are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became ever more popular in Europe after the 16th century and by the later 19th century were an important commercial crop centred mostly on holland. Narcissi are popular as lower blossoms as ornamental crops in private and open public gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are classified into divisions, covering a variety of shapes and colours. Like other members of their family, narcissi produce a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in artwork and books, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in various cultures, ranging from loss of life to fortune, and as symbols of springtime. The daffodil is the national blossom of Wales and the mark of cancers charities in many countries. The looks of the crazy flowers in springtime is associated with festivals in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering to a underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the following time from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm depending on the species. Dwarf kinds such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may expand as tall as 80 cm.

The plants are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow blossom stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, small, strap-shaped leaves occur from the light. The herb stem bears a solitary blossom, but once in a while a cluster of blossoms (umbel). The flowers, that are usually conspicuous and white or yellow, sometimes both or hardly ever green, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an outside ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical molded corona. The blooms may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You will find six pollen bearing stamens bordering a central style. The ovary is substandard (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The berries includes a dry capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seed products.

The bulb is placed dormant after the leaves and flower stem die again and has contractile root base that move it down further in to the soil. The rose stem and leaves form in the light, to emerge the following season. Most types are dormant from summer season to later winter, flowering in the planting season, though a few kinds are fall flowering.

Narcissus Pictures

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