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Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial vegetation in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common brands including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blossoms are usually white or yellow (orange or pink in garden varieties), with either even or contrasting colored corona and tepals.

Narcissus were popular in old civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally explained by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally thought to have about ten sections with around 50 species. The amount of species has mixed, depending about how they are grouped, scheduled to similarity between types and hybridization. The genus arose some time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The exact source of the name Narcissus is unfamiliar, but it is often associated with a Greek phrase for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the junior of that name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English term 'daffodil' appears to be derived from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.

The kinds are native to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a middle of diversity in the Traditional western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced into the Far East before the tenth century. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while some are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became increasingly popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the overdue 19th century were an important commercial crop centred mainly on holland. Narcissi are popular as slice blooms as ornamental plants in private and open public gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorised into divisions, covering a variety of colours and shapes. Like other members with their family, narcissi produce a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal used in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in skill and books, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in various cultures, ranging from loss of life to fortune, and as symbols of springtime. The daffodil is the nationwide flower of Wales and the icon of tumors charities in many countries. The appearance of the crazy flowers in spring and coil is associated with celebrations in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering to an underground storage bulb. They regrow in the following time from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm with regards to the species. Dwarf varieties such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may expand as high as 80 cm.

The vegetation are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow bloom stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, slim, strap-shaped leaves come up from the bulb. The seed stem usually bears a solitary blossom, but occasionally a cluster of blooms (umbel). The blossoms, that happen to be conspicuous and white or yellowish usually, sometimes both or seldom green, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an outer ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical designed corona. The bouquets may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You can find six pollen bearing stamens surrounding a central style. The ovary is inferior (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The berry contains a dried capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seed products.

The bulb sits dormant after the leaves and rose stem die back and has contractile roots that pull it down further into the soil. The bloom stem and leaves form in the light bulb, to emerge the next season. Most kinds are dormant from summer to late winter, flowering in the planting season, though a few types are autumn flowering.

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