RGB D James George Alexander Porter Monica Jane Frisell

Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial crops in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common titles including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by way of a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blossoms are generally white or yellowish (orange or red in garden kinds), with either uniform or contrasting colored corona and tepals.

Narcissus were popular in traditional civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally defined by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten portions with roughly 50 species. The amount of types has varied, depending on how they are classified, scheduled to similarity between kinds and hybridization. The genus arose time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The exact origin of the name Narcissus is undiscovered, but it is often associated with a Greek term for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the youth of that name who fell in love with his own representation. The English phrase 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was commonly compared.

The species are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a centre of diversity in the European Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced into the Far East before the tenth century. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while some are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became increasingly popular in Europe following the 16th hundred years and by the past due 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred generally on holland. Today narcissi are popular as slice blooms and since ornamental crops in private and public gardens. The long history of breeding has led to a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are classified into divisions, covering a wide range of colours and shapes. Like other members with their family, narcissi produce a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal utilization in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and skill, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in various cultures, ranging from fatality to good fortune, and as icons of springtime. The daffodil is the nationwide bloom of Wales and the mark of cancer tumor charities in many countries. The looks of the crazy flowers in springtime is associated with celebrations in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering to a underground storage bulb. They regrow in the next season from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm with regards to the species. Dwarf kinds such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may increase as large as 80 cm.

The crops are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow rose stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, thin, strap-shaped leaves happen from the light. The flower stem usually bears a solitary flower, but once in a while a cluster of blossoms (umbel). The bouquets, which can be conspicuous and white or yellowish usually, sometimes both or seldom green, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an outer ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical molded corona. The flowers may hang down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens adjoining a central style. The ovary is substandard (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The berry involves a dried out capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seed products.

The bulb sits dormant following the leaves and rose stem die again and has contractile roots that move it down further in to the soil. The flower leaves and stem form in the light bulb, to emerge the following season. Most species are dormant from summertime to late winter, flowering in the spring and coil, though a few kinds are fall months flowering.

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