Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial plant life in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common labels including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blossoms are usually white or yellow (orange or red in garden types), with either standard or contrasting colored corona and tepals.
Narcissus were popular in historical civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally defined by Linnaeus in his Types Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally considered to have about ten sections with about 50 species. The true variety of species has varied, depending on how they are labeled, due to similarity between varieties and hybridization. The genus arose some right amount of time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The precise origin of the name Narcissus is unknown, but it is often associated with a Greek expression for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the children of this name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English term 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was compared commonly.
The kinds are native to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a middle of variety in the Western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced in to the Far East prior to the tenth century. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while some are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became increasingly popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the overdue 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred mainly on the Netherlands. Today narcissi are popular as lower blooms so that as ornamental plant life in private and open public gardens. The long history of breeding has led to a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are classified into divisions, covering an array of colours and shapes. Like other members of their family, narcissi create a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use within traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in artwork and books, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in several cultures, ranging from death to fortune, and as icons of springtime. The daffodil is the national blossom of Wales and the symbol of malignancy charities in many countries. The appearance of the crazy flowers in spring and coil is associated with celebrations in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back after flowering to a underground storage light. They regrow in the next calendar year from brown-skinned ovoid bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm with regards to the species. Dwarf kinds such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may increase as high as 80 cm.
The crops are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow blossom stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, slim, strap-shaped leaves occur from the light. The vegetable stem bears a solitary bloom, but once in a while a cluster of plants (umbel). The blooms, that happen to be conspicuous and white or yellowish usually, sometimes both or rarely inexperienced, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an outside ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical formed corona. The plants may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens surrounding a central style. The ovary is poor (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The fruits contains a dried capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seeds.
The bulb lies dormant after the leaves and blossom stem die back again and has contractile roots that yank it down further in to the soil. The bloom leaves and stem form in the bulb, to emerge the following season. Most varieties are dormant from summer season to later winter, flowering in the springtime, though a few types are autumn flowering.
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