Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial vegetation in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common labels including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by the cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blooms are generally white or yellow (orange or pink in garden types), with either even or contrasting colored corona and tepals.
Narcissus were well known in ancient civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally explained by Linnaeus in his Varieties Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally considered to have about ten sections with about 50 species. The amount of species has assorted, depending about how they are labeled, scheduled to similarity between types and hybridization. The genus arose some right time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent areas of southwest Europe. The exact source of the true name Narcissus is undiscovered, but it is often associated with a Greek expression for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the young ones of this name who fell deeply in love with his own reflection. The English term 'daffodil' appears to be derived from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.
The species are native to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a centre of variety in the American Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced in to the Far East before the tenth century. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while some are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became ever more popular in Europe after the 16th hundred years and by the overdue 19th century were an important commercial crop centred primarily on holland. Narcissi are popular as chop plants and as ornamental crops in private and public gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are classified into divisions, covering an array of colours and shapes. Like other members of these family, narcissi create a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use within traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in fine art and books, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in various cultures, ranging from fatality to good fortune, and as icons of planting season. The daffodil is the nationwide bloom of Wales and the symbol of cancer tumor charities in many countries. The appearance of the untamed flowers in spring is associated with celebrations in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back after flowering with an underground storage light. They regrow in the following calendar year from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm depending on species. Dwarf varieties such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may expand as large as 80 cm.
The plant life are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow rose stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, slim, strap-shaped leaves occur from the light. The vegetable stem bears a solitary rose, but occasionally a cluster of bouquets (umbel). The bouquets, which can be conspicuous and white or yellow usually, both or almost never inexperienced sometimes, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an outer ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical formed corona. The flowers may hang down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens adjoining a central style. The ovary is second-rate (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The berries includes a dried up capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seed products.
The bulb is situated dormant after the leaves and rose stem die back and has contractile roots that pull it down further into the soil. The blossom stem and leaves form in the light, to emerge the following season. Most species are dormant from summer months to later winter, flowering in the spring, though a few varieties are fall flowering.
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