Narcissus amp; Goldmund, Herman Hesse

Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial plant life in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common titles including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by way of a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blooms are generally white or yellow (orange or green in garden types), with either uniform or contrasting coloured corona and tepals.

Narcissus were well known in old civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally referred to by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum (1753). The genus is normally considered to have about ten parts with around 50 species. The true number of types has assorted, depending how they are labeled, credited to similarity between varieties and hybridization. The genus arose some right time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact origins of the true name Narcissus is unknown, but it is often associated with a Greek phrase for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the young ones of that name who fell in love with his own representation. The English expression 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.

The varieties are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a middle of diversity in the American Mediterranean, particularly the Iberian peninsula. Both cultivated and wild plants have naturalised widely, and were released into the ASIA to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi have a tendency to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, mites and nematodes. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while others are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.

Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became ever more popular in Europe following the 16th century and by the later 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred mainly on holland. Narcissi are popular as cut flowers so when ornamental vegetation in private and general public gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are labeled into divisions, covering an array of shapes and colours. Like other members of the family, narcissi produce a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal use in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in books and artwork, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in several cultures, ranging from death to fortune, and as symbols of spring and coil. The daffodil is the countrywide bloom of Wales and the sign of malignancy charities in many countries. The looks of the untamed flowers in spring and coil is associated with celebrations in many places.

Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying again after flowering for an underground storage light bulb. They regrow in the next time from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm depending on species. Dwarf types such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might increase as extra tall as 80 cm.

The plant life are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow blossom stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, slim, strap-shaped leaves arise from the bulb. The flower stem bears a solitary blossom, but occasionally a cluster of blossoms (umbel). The plants, which can be conspicuous and white or yellowish usually, both or seldom green sometimes, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an outer ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical molded corona. The blooms may hang up down (pendent), or be erect. A couple of six pollen bearing stamens bordering a central style. The ovary is substandard (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The super fruit involves a dried up capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seed products.

The bulb lies dormant following the leaves and flower stem die again and has contractile root base that pull it down further into the soil. The rose stem and leaves form in the light bulb, to emerge the next season. Most kinds are dormant from summer time to overdue winter, flowering in the springtime, though a few kinds are fall flowering.

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