Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of predominantly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common labels including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some known members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by the cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blooms are generally white or yellowish (orange or pink in garden kinds), with either standard or contrasting colored corona and tepals.
Narcissus were well known in traditional civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally referred to by Linnaeus in his Types Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten parts with approximately 50 species. The true volume of types has varied, depending about how they are labeled, due to similarity between hybridization and types. The genus arose some right time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The precise source of the true name Narcissus is mysterious, but it is linked to a Greek term for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the junior of this name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English term 'daffodil' appears to be derived from "asphodel", with which it was compared commonly.
The species are local to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a center of variety in the Traditional western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were presented into the ASIA to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while others are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became increasingly popular in Europe following the 16th hundred years and by the late 19th century were an important commercial crop centred mostly on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as slice plants and since ornamental crops in private and open public gardens today. The long history of breeding has led to thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are labeled into divisions, covering a wide range of shapes and colours. Like other members of their family, narcissi produce a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested unintentionally. This property has been exploited for medicinal used in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in art and books, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in different cultures, ranging from fatality to fortune, and as icons of planting season. The daffodil is the countrywide blossom of Wales and the icon of malignancy charities in many countries. The appearance of the untamed flowers in spring and coil is associated with celebrations in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering to an underground storage light. They regrow in the following yr from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach heights of 5-80 cm depending on the species. Dwarf species such as N. asturiensis have a maximum height of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might grow as large as 80 cm.
The plant life are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow rose stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, narrow, strap-shaped leaves occur from the light bulb. The plant stem bears a solitary rose, but occasionally a cluster of blossoms (umbel). The blossoms, that happen to be conspicuous and white or yellowish usually, sometimes both or rarely renewable, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an outside ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical designed corona. The bouquets may hang down (pendent), or be erect. You can find six pollen bearing stamens encompassing a central style. The ovary is second-rate (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The berry contains a dried capsule that splits (dehisces) launching numerous black seeds.
The bulb sits dormant after the leaves and blossom stem die again and has contractile roots that yank it down further in to the soil. The bloom stem and leaves form in the light bulb, to emerge the following season. Most kinds are dormant from warmer summer months to late winter, flowering in the planting season, though a few varieties are fall months flowering.
Tidak ada komentar:
Posting Komentar