Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial vegetation in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common names including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by the cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The flowers are generally white or yellow (orange or green in garden types), with either standard or contrasting coloured corona and tepals.
Narcissus were popular in old civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally referred to by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally thought to have about ten areas with around 50 species. The true quantity of types has mixed, depending about how they are classified, credited to similarity between types and hybridization. The genus arose some right time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The precise origins of the real name Narcissus is unidentified, but it is often associated with a Greek expression for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the children of this name who fell in love with his own representation. The English term 'daffodil' appears to be derived from "asphodel", with which it was commonly compared.
The types are indigenous to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a center of diversity in the Traditional western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were launched into the Far East to the tenth hundred years prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while some are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the initial times, but became ever more popular in Europe following the 16th hundred years and by the overdue 19th century were an important commercial crop centred mostly on the Netherlands. Today narcissi are popular as slash plants and as ornamental vegetation in private and general public gardens. The long history of breeding has resulted in a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are classified into divisions, covering a wide range of shapes and colours. Like other members of these family, narcissi create a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if ingested accidentally. This property has been exploited for medicinal use in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in fine art and books, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in various cultures, ranging from death to fortune, and as symbols of spring. The daffodil is the countrywide rose of Wales and the sign of malignancy charities in many countries. The looks of the crazy flowers in spring and coil is associated with festivals in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back again after flowering with an underground storage light. They regrow in the next 12 months from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm with regards to the species. Dwarf varieties such as N. asturiensis have a maximum elevation of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may expand as tall as 80 cm.
The plant life are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow bloom stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, thin, strap-shaped leaves arise from the light. The vegetable stem usually bears a solitary rose, but sometimes a cluster of blossoms (umbel). The blooms, that happen to be usually conspicuous and white or yellowish, both or seldom green sometimes, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an external ring made up of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical shaped corona. The plants may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You can find six pollen bearing stamens surrounding a central style. The ovary is substandard (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The fruit includes a dried capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seeds.
The bulb sits dormant following the leaves and flower stem die back and has contractile origins that pull it down further into the soil. The rose stem and leaves form in the light, to emerge the following season. Most species are dormant from summer time to overdue winter, flowering in the springtime, though a few varieties are fall months flowering.
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