Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mainly spring perennial vegetation in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common names including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by a cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The blossoms are usually white or yellowish (orange or red in garden types), with either standard or contrasting coloured corona and tepals.
Narcissus were popular in historic civilisation, both medicinally and botanically, but formally explained by Linnaeus in his Species Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally considered to have about ten portions with about 50 species. The amount of kinds has mixed, depending about how they are labeled, credited to similarity between varieties and hybridization. The genus arose time in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact origin of the true name Narcissus is anonymous, but it is associated with a Greek phrase for intoxicated (narcotic) and the misconception of the youth of that name who fell deeply in love with his own reflection. The English word 'daffodil' appears to be produced from "asphodel", with which it was likened commonly.
The species are native to meadows and woods in southern Europe and North Africa with a centre of variety in the Traditional western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were introduced in to the Far East before the tenth century. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are also insect-pollinated. Known pests, disorders and diseases include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have become extinct, while others are threatened by increasing tourism and urbanisation.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became ever more popular in Europe after the 16th century and by the overdue 19th century were an important commercial crop centred generally on the Netherlands. Narcissi are popular as lower bouquets and since ornamental vegetation in private and open public gardens today. The long history of breeding has resulted in thousands of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorised into divisions, covering an array of colours and shapes. Like other members of the family, narcissi create a number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal used in traditional healing and has resulted in the production of galantamine for the treatment of Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in fine art and literature, narcissi are associated with a number of themes in different cultures, ranging from death to good fortune, and as symbols of springtime. The daffodil is the countrywide bloom of Wales and the mark of malignancy charities in many countries. The appearance of the outrageous flowers in springtime is associated with celebrations in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back after flowering with an underground storage light. They regrow in the following year from brown-skinned ovoid lights with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm with respect to the species. Dwarf varieties such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta may increase as high as 80 cm.
The plant life are scapose, having a single central leafless hollow blossom stem (scape). Several green or blue-green, small, strap-shaped leaves come up from the light. The place stem bears a solitary blossom, but occasionally a cluster of plants (umbel). The blooms, that happen to be usually conspicuous and white or yellow, both or rarely renewable sometimes, consist of a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral pipe above the ovary, then an outside ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disc to conical molded corona. The plants may hang down (pendent), or be erect. You will discover six pollen bearing stamens adjoining a central style. The ovary is second-rate (below the floral parts) comprising three chambers (trilocular). The super fruit involves a dried up capsule that splits (dehisces) liberating numerous black seed products.
The bulb lays dormant following the leaves and flower stem die back again and has contractile origins that yank it down further into the soil. The blossom stem and leaves form in the light, to emerge the next season. Most types are dormant from summer to later winter, flowering in the spring and coil, though a few species are fall flowering.
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