Narcissus /n?:r's?s?s/ is a genus of mostly spring perennial plants in the Amaryllidaceae (amaryllis) family. Various common brands including daffodil,[notes 1] daffadowndilly,[3] narcissus, and jonquil are being used to describe all or some members of the genus. Narcissus has conspicuous flowers with six petal-like tepals surmounted by the cup- or trumpet-shaped corona. The bouquets are usually white or yellowish (orange or green in garden kinds), with either standard or contrasting coloured tepals and corona.
Narcissus were well known in early civilisation, both and botanically medicinally, but formally detailed by Linnaeus in his Types Plantarum (1753). The genus is generally considered to have about ten parts with roughly 50 species. The amount of types has mixed, depending about how they are categorised, thanks to similarity between hybridization and types. The genus arose a while in the Late Oligocene to Early Miocene epochs, in the Iberian peninsula and adjacent regions of southwest Europe. The exact origin of the real name Narcissus is unknown, but it is associated with a Greek expression for intoxicated (narcotic) and the myth of the children of this name who fell in love with his own reflection. The English word 'daffodil' is apparently derived from "asphodel", with which it was compared commonly.
The species are local to meadows and woods in southern European countries and North Africa with a center of diversity in the Western Mediterranean, the Iberian peninsula particularly. Both wild and cultivated plants have naturalised widely, and were launched into the ASIA to the tenth century prior. Narcissi tend to be long-lived bulbs, which propagate by division, but are insect-pollinated also. Known pests, diseases and disorders include viruses, fungi, the larvae of flies, nematodes and mites. Some Narcissus species have grown to be extinct, while others are threatened by increasing urbanisation and tourism.
Historical accounts suggest narcissi have been cultivated from the earliest times, but became increasingly popular in Europe after the 16th century and by the past due 19th hundred years were an important commercial crop centred generally on holland. Today narcissi are popular as lower plants so that ornamental plant life in private and public gardens. The long history of breeding has resulted in a large number of different cultivars. For horticultural purposes, narcissi are categorized into divisions, covering a variety of colours and shapes. Like other members of these family, narcissi create a true number of different alkaloids, which provide some protection for the plant, but may be poisonous if accidentally ingested. This property has been exploited for medicinal utilization in traditional healing and has led to the production of galantamine for the treating Alzheimer's dementia. Long celebrated in fine art and books, narcissi are associated with a true number of themes in various cultures, ranging from fatality to good fortune, and as icons of spring and coil. The daffodil is the national rose of Wales and the symbol of tumor charities in many countries. The looks of the wild flowers in spring and coil is associated with celebrations in many places.
Narcissus is a genus of perennial herbaceous bulbiferous geophytes, dying back after flowering with an underground storage light. They regrow in the next time from brown-skinned ovoid light bulbs with pronounced necks, and reach levels of 5-80 cm depending on the species. Dwarf species such as N. asturiensis have a maximum level of 5-8 cm, while Narcissus tazetta might grow as large as 80 cm.
The plant life are scapose, having an individual central leafless hollow flower stem (scape). Several blue-green or green, small, strap-shaped leaves come up from the light. The flower stem bears a solitary blossom, but sometimes a cluster of blossoms (umbel). The blooms, that happen to be usually conspicuous and white or yellow, sometimes both or almost never renewable, contain a perianth of three parts. Closest to the stem (proximal) is a floral tube above the ovary, then an external ring composed of six tepals (undifferentiated sepals and petals), and a central disk to conical formed corona. The bouquets may suspend down (pendent), or be erect. You will find six pollen bearing stamens encompassing a central style. The ovary is poor (below the floral parts) consisting of three chambers (trilocular). The berries contains a dried capsule that splits (dehisces) releasing numerous black seeds.
The bulb is situated dormant following the leaves and flower stem die again and has contractile root base that move it down further into the soil. The flower leaves and stem form in the light bulb, to emerge the following season. Most varieties are dormant from summer months to late winter, flowering in the spring, though a few species are fall flowering.
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